Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease and its Relationship with the Microbiome
In this review, the authors look at the increasing number of studies investigating the role the microbiome and other biomes play in pediatric patients with IBD, particularly changes associated with IBD, varying disease states, and therapeutics.
Fitzgerald, R.S., Sanderson, I.R. & Claesson, M.J. Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease and its Relationship with the Microbiome. Microb Ecol (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-021-01697-9
Authors: Fitzgerald, RS, et. al
Diet Recommendations for Hospitalized Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Better Options Than Nil Per Os
Here, we review the literature for dietary considerations during hospitalizations and acute settings, as well as upon discharge. Patients with IBD benefit from screening and nutritional support for malnutrition and nutritional deficiencies. Enteral nutrition and exclusion diets are promising as induction and maintenance therapies, but no specific recommendations during hospitalization for adult patients are available currently. There are very few reasons to enforce bowel rest or clear liquids other than bowel obstruction, uncontrolled sepsis, or need for urgent or emergent surgery; most patients—including many with penetrating or stricturing disease—benefit from feeding in whichever capacity is tolerated, with enteral and parenteral nutrition used as needed to reach nutritional goals.
Crohn's & Colitis 360, Volume 2, Issue 4, October 2020, otaa059
Authors: Palchaudhuri S et al
Perioperative Dietary Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Perioperative dietary therapy improves the outcomes of IBD patients who undergo a surgical procedure. This topical review shares interdisciplinary expertise and provides guidance to optimise the outcomes of patients with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. taking advantage of contemporary nutrition science.
J Crohns Colitis . 2020 May 21;14(4):431-444. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz160.
Authors: Adamina M et al
Low-Fat, High-Fiber Diet Reduces Markers of Inflammation and Dysbiosis and Improves Quality of Life in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis
In a cross-over study of patients with UC in remission, we found that a catered LFD or iSAD were each well tolerated and increased quality of life. However, the LFD decreased markers of inflammation and reduced intestinal dysbiosis in fecal samples. Dietary interventions therefore might benefit patients with UC in remission.
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol . 2020 May 20;S1542-3565(20)30685-6. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2020.05.026
Authors: Fritsch J et al
The microbiome and inflammatory bowel disease
In this review we will discuss the role of the gut microbiome in patients with IBD; our focus will be on human studies.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020 Jan;145(1)16-27. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2019.11.003
Authors: Glassner KL et al
A Diet Low in Red and Processed Meat Does Not Reduce Rate of Crohn's Disease Flares
In an analysis of data from the FACES trial, we found that among patients with CD in remission, level of red and processed meat consumption was not associated with time to symptomatic relapse.
Gastroenterology . 2019 Jul;157(1):128-136.e5. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.03.015. Epub 2019 Mar 11.
Authors: Albenberg L et al
Gut Microbiome Structure and Metabolic Activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Our findings thus provide an improved understanding of perturbations of the microbiome-metabolome interface in IBD, including identification of many potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
Nat Microbiol . 2019 Feb;4(2):293-305. doi: 10.1038/s41564-018-0306-4. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Authors: Franzosa EA et al
Diet, Gut Microbiome and Epigenetics: Emerging Links With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Prospects for Management and Prevention
Other nutritional interventions or specific diets including the Specific Carbohydrate Diet (SCD), the low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyol (FODMAP) diet and, most recently, the Mediterranean diet have shown strong anti-inflammatory properties and show promise for improving disease symptoms. More work is required to evaluate the role of individual food compounds and complex nutritional interventions with the potential to decrease inflammation as a means of prevention and management of IBD.
Nutrients , 9 (9) 2017 Aug 30
Authors: Aleksandrova K et al
The Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Current and Therapeutic Insights
This review will characterize the factors involved in the development of the intestinal microbiome and will describe the typical alterations in the microbiota that are characteristic of inflammatory bowel disease. Additionally, this manuscript will summarize the early but promising literature on the role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease with implications for utilizing this data for diagnostic or therapeutic application in the clinical management of patients with these diseases.
J Inflamm Res , 10, 63-73 2017 Jun 10 eCollection 2017
Authors: Lane ER et al
Diet and Microbiota in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The Gut in Disharmony
Therefore, it is likely that a better understanding of the role of different food components in intestinal homeostasis and the resident microbiota will be essential for unravelling the complex molecular basis of the epigenetic, genetic and environment interactions underlying IBD pathogenesis as well as for offering dietary interventions with minimal side effects.
World J Gastroenterol , 23 (12), 2124-2140 2017 Mar 28
Authors: Rapozo DCM et al
The intestinal microbiome, barrier function, and immune system in inflammatory bowel disease: a tripartite pathophysiological circuit with implications for new therapeutic directions
We discuss the tripartite pathophysiological circuit of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), involving the intestinal microbiota, barrier function, and immune system. Dysfunction in each of these physiological components (dysbiosis, leaky gut, and inflammation) contributes in a mutually interdependent manner to IBD onset and exacerbation. Genetic and environmental risk factors lead to disruption of gut homeostasis: genetic risks predominantly affect the immune system, environmental risks predominantly affect the microbiota, and both affect barrier function.
Therap Adv Gastroenterol . 2016 Jul;9(4):606-25. doi: 10.1177/1756283X16644242. Epub 2016 Apr 19.
Authors: Vindigni SM et al
Inflammation, Antibiotics, and Diet as Environmental Stressors of the Gut Microbiome in Pediatric Crohn’s Disease
Dietary therapy had independent and rapid effects on microbiota composition distinct from other stressor-induced changes and effectively reduced inflammation. These findings reveal that dysbiosis results from independent effects of inflammation, diet, and antibiotics and shed light on Crohn disease treatments.
Cell Host Microbe , 18 (4), 489-500 2015 Oct 14
Authors: Lewis JD et al
